Journal: Nature Neuroscience
Article Title: Microglia regulate sleep through calcium-dependent modulation of norepinephrine transmission
doi: 10.1038/s41593-023-01548-5
Figure Lengend Snippet: a , b , Mean episode duration ( a ) and episode number per hour ( b ) for each brain state within 3 h after CNO or saline injection in mice expressing p130PH R134L . Each circle indicates data from one mouse; bars: mean ± s.e.m. (n = 8 mice). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 (paired two-tailed t -test; a , ** P = 0.0021; b , * P NREM = 0.045; * P Wake = 0.046). c , d , Similar to ( a , b ), but for mice expressing p130PH (n = 8 mice). e , Example imaging sessions with CNO and saline injection in mice expressing GCaMP6s and Gq-DREADD in microglia. Left, representative microglia (scale bar, 10 μm); 4 ROIs in microglia processes are outlined, whose Ca 2+ traces are shown on the right. Dashed line, time of injection. f , Schematic for chemogenetic experiment with Gq-DREADD mice. g , Percentages of time in each brain state following CNO or saline injection (top, CNO: 0.2 mg/kg; bottom, CNO: 1 mg/kg; mean ± s.e.m.; n = 6 mice). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001 (two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction; top, NREM: P treatment < 0.0001; P time < 0.0001; * P 0.5h = 0.015; ** P 1h = 0.0063; Wake: P treatment = 0.0043; P time < 0.0001; REM: P treatment = 0.78; P time < 0.0001; bottom, NREM: P treatment < 0.0001; P time < 0.0001; ** P 0.5h = 0.0011; ** P 1h = 0.0031; ** P 1.5h = 0.0012; * P 3.5h = 0.019; Wake: P treatment = 0.0002; P time < 0.0001; * P 0.5h = 0.012; REM: P treatment = 0.0002; P time < 0.0001; **** P 1h < 0.0001; *** P 1.5h = 0.0002). h-j , Percentage of time ( h ), mean episode duration ( i ) and episode number per hour ( j ) for each brain state within 3 h after CNO or saline injection. Each circle indicates data from one mouse, bars: mean ± s.e.m. (n = 6 mice). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 (One-way ANOVA with Holm-Šídák’s test; h , NREM, P = 0.0029; ** P = 0.0025; *** P = 0.0009; Wake, P = 0.0037; ** P 0.2mg/kg = 0.0072; ** P 1mg/kg = 0.0039; REM, P = 0.0011; * P 1mg/kg = 0.011; * P 0.2 vs. 1mg/kg = 0.011; i , NREM, P = 0.55; Wake, P = 0.003; * P 0.2mg/kg = 0.028; ** P 1mg/kg = 0.0025; * P 0.2 vs. 1mg/kg = 0.028; REM, P = 0.028; j , NREM, P = 0.074; Wake, P = 0.083; REM, P = 0.013; * P 1mg/kg = 0.041; ** P 0.2 vs. 1mg/kg = 0.041).
Article Snippet: A Mai-Tai Insight laser (Spectra-Physics) was tuned to 920 nm and ~35 mW output for microglia GCaMP6s imaging and <10 mW output for GRAB NE2m and GRAB ADO1.0 imaging (as measured under the objective).
Techniques: Saline, Injection, Expressing, Two Tailed Test, Imaging
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